Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Umberto Eco and Hyper-reality Concept Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Umberto Eco and Hyper-reality Concept - Essay ExampleWhile it is a clearly tangible technology, hyper-reality is a concept still simmering in the minds which we use sometimes to describe something as unreal as the Disneyland structures. Is it then just postmodernist gibberish when writers like Eco and Baudrillard came up with the concept of hyper-reality? We shall now discuss Ecos contention with the help of other significant writings on the subject. According to postmodern writers and by that we do not mean Eco alone, hyper-reality is a representation of reality which is better than the original. Eco argues for example that a recreated diorama is to a greater extent effective than the actual scene (Eco 19868). Jean Baudrillard supports this argument when he says that Americans like to see reproductions of their heroes and monuments as simulacra. Simulacra is frankincense something which is more real than the original (198841). Meaghan Morris thus defines simulacra as something where , the true (like the real) begins to be reproduced in the image of the pseudo, which begins to pose the true (19885). In the same vein, Umberto Eco argues that for Americans the past must be preserved and celebrated in full-scale authentic copy a philosophy of immortality as duplication (19866). With these views, Eco urges us to go on a journey into Hyperreality in search of instances where the American imagination demands the real thing, and, to attain it, must fabricate the compulsive fake (19867). Umberto Eco maintains that America is obsessed with simulations. The never-ending series of hyperstructures that recreate reality serve as a proof of this obsession with something that is better than the original. Baudrillard (1983) puts it a little differently but supports Ecos contention. He argues that the understanding American like simulations is because they are perpetually trapped in the present.

Monday, April 29, 2019

Leadership assignment II Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Leadership II - Assignment practiceSteve jobs is also a leader that in which all leadership roles are shared among the employees, without the cooperation of each and ein truthone of the employees it is very hard for him to succeed.An example of a democratic leader is the current US president Barrack Obama. on with the countries representatives around the world, Obama is categorized under the democratic leader type. He encourages decision making from all directions to converge the expectations of his citizens with different perspectives and personalities. He is a very motivational and Inspirational leader who relies on his party to second him succeed and meet the expectations that his citizens have.Mark Zuckerberg is a good example of autocratic leader. As the inventor and co founder of facebook, he is an autocratic leader because he makes his own decisions and is able to figure out what is outdo for the high society without the help, guidance and persuasions of others. He is al so required to make important decisions quickly as they may greatly affect or influence the success of the company. His employees and users depend on him to make the best choices for the company and

Sunday, April 28, 2019

WLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

WLAN - Essay ExampleIt is also known as Wireless-N.(Rathbone, 2012) It is the in style(p) 802.11 amendment that offers the high speed information transfer rate with improved signal ranges than the previous amendments. As a matter of fact, the verified speeds for 802.11n devices are 7 times faster than 802.11g while communicating at ccc Mbps or more in real world scenario. Evidences proved it as the first Wi-Fi 802.11 amendment that has challenged the 100 Mbps outfit Ethernet architectures.802.11n supporting devices are designed for better performance at long distances, which means that if a movable device is 300 feet away from the Wi-Fi access point it will still retain its actual data rate. Distinguishing it from older versions of 802.11, where data rate and communication with the access points tend to be weakened when a portable device is that far.As we know that 802.11n has been standardized and groups in wireless industry such as the Wi-Fi fusion have been forcing for backwa rd compatibility among 802.11n and its previous version supporting devices has reduced the risk of buying devices that may non communicate with each other or with older hardware.Studies showed that cross technology interference put forward be main issue for almost all the 802.11 amendments. A research based study in 2010 by giants like Miercom, BandSpeed and Farpoint Group showed that these huge interferers like microwave and cordless phones can be responsible for completed connectivity loss for 802.11n connectivity. The reason behind this is, some of these devices transmit frequency in band that is as liberal as 802.11, while each one of these give out power that is equivalent or sometimes higher than 802.11 device. As we know that 802.11n inherent the MIMO technology. (Madisetti, 2010, p. 27-28) One solution can make it possible if we use a 33 802.11n transmitter. It will help in a way that all the interferences can disturb one stream while still two parallel streams are pre sent for its receiver.The suggested

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Consumer Behaviour Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Consumer Behaviour - Assignment ExampleThis paper lead be focused on the marketing practices of the Lloyds TSB bank in its endeavours to retain its customers. Lloyds TSB is a retail bank that is based in the United Kingdom. It was established in 1995 by the merger of Lloyds bank and the TSB group. Lloyds bank was origin anyy founded in Birmingham in 1765 while the TSB group, a rival bank, was create in 1810. The marketing motley of Lloyds TSB has seen it realise admirable profits through the years. The marketing mix elements, also known as the 4ps, are price, place, product and promotion.In simple terms, a product includes all features as considerably as goods and related services that a business offers to its clients. The product is the most all-important(a) component in the marketing mix. This is because products are the market expression of the manufacturers productive capabilities. Products insure a producers capacity to link with customers. A product policy or scheme is o f enormous significance to a corporation product decisions dictate the scope and direction of industry bodily function (Singh, 2011). Additionally, market indicators such as profits, sales, image and market share are also dependent on products. The products of companies also influence other components of the marketing mix. Therefore, without proper product policy, a corporation cannot pursue barely elements of the marketing mix.With the rapid advancement of technology, a banking company has no choice but to advance as well in order to satisfy the desires of its clients and remain competitive. The Lloyds TSB group boasts a diverse set forth of services and products that cater for a large clientele. The banking options available to its customers include the border bank as well as internet banking. Customers can also text financial information from a mobile phone and make use of cash point

Friday, April 26, 2019

Certification and Standardization of Mediators Essay - 1

Certification and Standardization of Mediators - Essay archetypeYears later, California added child custody decisions to mediator responsibilities. In 1980, California became the first state to principle all parents with custody or visitation disputes to participate in family intermediation prior to a judicatory hearing (Milner et al., 2004, p.5). By 2004, most states had mandates regarding family divorce disputes, and 38 states had mediation mandates where child custody issues occurred (Tondo, Coronel, & Drucker, 2001, as cited in Milner et al., 2004, p.5).Example One. One of the frontrunners and more controversial figures in divorce mediations was O.J. Coogler, an Atlanta lawyer and author of the book, incorporate Mediation in Divorce Settlement (1978). This marriage and family litigator used labor negotiations and social sciences as a guide to build a framework for third-party mediators to use when assisting divorcing couples resolve issues such as situation division, alimony , child visitation, and child custody (Milner et al., 2004). Despite establishing the Family Mediation Association (FMA), the halt association harshly rebuked Coogler. The bar association declared mediation by non-lawyers to be the unauthorized practice of law and attempted to counsel lawyers from mediating through the threat of ethical sanctions (Silberman, 1988, as cited in Milner et al., 2004, p. 5).Example Two. Confidentiality is crucial in court proceedings. In a civil suit involving the still photography and filming of underage girls, the judge ordered mediation in an attempt to circumvent litigation (Zimmerman, 2009). However, the defendant did not take the mediation proceedings seriously. He appeared four hours late, dressed inappropriately, shouted profanities at the court, continually placed his dirty, bare feet on the plaintiffs table, threatened the plaintiffs lawyer, and then proceeded to breech confidentiality by telling

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Analysis of a Marketing News Story Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

psychoanalysis of a Marketing News Story - Essay ExampleAlthough this particular news report negotiation about the business tactic of Google, it also brings up new idea with regards to the future developments in online trade options. Advertisements are referring to a paid-message in a form of media with the purpose of attracting the attention of the target consumers (Faber, Lee and Nan, 2004). Aiming to go for the target audience, the traditionalistic advertisers utilizes newspapers, magazines, radio, television, mail, telephone, billboards, posters, fliers, CDs, and audiotapes as a communication channels (Kotler, 2000, p. 15). On the other hand, the use of on-line(a) advertisements such as the use on-line banners (usu eithery appears at the top end of a web page), e-mail, seek engine advertisements such as Google.com or Yahoo.com, the interactive on-page media ads, streaming audio and video among others has been widely use to catch the attention of online viewing audience. In fact, the use of online advertisement tools is considered as on of the fastest growing average for modern advertisements (Faber, 2002). According to Kotler (2003, p. 4), the main reason why large-scale companies are ad their products is to inform, persuade, remind, or reenforce the public consumers purchasing behaviour. ... 7, 12). Based on consumers response with regards to the use of online and traditional advertisements, Gallagher, Foster, and Parsons (2001) revealed that the use of a traditional print ads and advertiesements in Web format does not necessarily provide any significant contrast with regards to the viewers faculty to recall the advertised message. After exploring the impact of pop-up windows and animation on the memory of 60 online advertisement viewers, Diao and Sundar (2007) revealed that the viewers ability to recall the pop-up advertisements is higher as compared to the use of banner advertisements. Not all advertisements are effective in terms of sending the companys message accross their target customers. For this reason, a lot of researchers have focused their studies on examining the effectiveness of online advertisements (Callaway, 2010 Chtourou and Abida, 2010 Shukla, Sharma and Swami, 2010 Diao and Sundar, 2007). After conducting a researh study with regards to the effectiveness of online advertisements, Shukla, Sharma and Swami (2010) explained that the ability of the online advertisers to make the online viewers satisfied with what they see and read about the advertised products and services increases the public viewers intention to make online purchases. Therefore, online advertising companies are looking for new ways to improve their existing online advertising services through product and technology innovation. Recently, Sparkes (2012) mentioned that roughly 16,000 businesses are already using the social media as part of their marketing campaign. In line with this, Chtourou and Abida (2010) revealed that the continuously increasing number of existing

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

The Japanese model of human resource management is no longer relevant Essay

The Japanese model of human resource management is no longer relevant to firms in the contemporary championship enterprise environment. Critically assess this statement - Essay ExampleIn this case, an individual may argue nearly the extent to which Japan should adopt Western management practices so as to boost its performance in the global marketplace (Sakikawa, 2012). This paper will evaluate whether the Japanese HRM model is relevant to the contemporary business environment.The Japanese HRM model is characterized by information flow and collaboration that is dominated by the Japanese culture. Japanese people believe in getting their hands dirty to help them identify the prevailing problems and acquire up with relevant solutions to address the challenges, and the leaders argon not exempted from this initiative. These principles are usually mistaken by most western managers who believe in micromanagement, which is an unprincipled and constant practice that interferes with the pro cesses (Rowley & Benson, 2004). However, according to the Japanese society, these tools are essential in terms of shepherding the underlying processes.The ending reservation process according to the Japanese is aimed at providing an opportunity that fosters equal ranking among employees and managers in a particular(a) group in order to mix the idea that an individual stipulates. This process rhymes with the Japanese culture that focuses on harmonizing people. The physical action that is attributed to the decision making process aims at creating an environment that offers support as well as an agreement for a decision in case a manager who is in a higher position accepts and recommends a particular decision (Ruysseveldt, 2004).The Japanese people believe in the ringi decision making process. This means that a person should submit a proposal to his or her supervisors, and await their feedback. Though the executive leadership does not dress the corporate policy clearly, all the m anagers regardless of the levels that they occupy are supposed to raise their decisions that

Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Literature - Essay Example unless when the stories of Oedipus and Othello are examined, we see that though both had defective understanding, their lack of appreciation get in different circumstances and character traits.When face with the scourge of plague, the Chorus in Oedipus Rex reacts with trepidation and indecisiveness My fearful heart twists on the rack and shakes with fear./ O Delian healer, for whom we cry aloud/ in holy awe, what obligation/ will you demand from me, a thing isolated/ or now renewed with the revolving years/ Immortal voice, O child of g greyen Hope, speak to me (Sophocles,185-191)But Oedipus is decisive and brave, and decides that he would find a solution for the crisis, and takes it upon himself to solve the whole problem almost single-handedly I will begin again Ill find the truth./The dead mans cause has found a authoritative defender/In Phoebus, and in you. And I will join you/ In seeking vengeance on behalf of Thebes/And Phoebus too indeed, I mus t if I/Remove this taint, it is not for a stranger,/ But for myself.... (Sophocles,131,137)We see present the number of times the term I figures in this verse, and can measure the brash self-confidence of this King.And in this blind self-belief, Oedipus places a curse on the murderer, and though he spells out very closely the possibleness that it might be somevirtuoso from his own household, he makes an open declaration nevertheless I lay this curse upon him, that the wretch/In wretchedness and misery may live./And more if with my knowledge he be found/ To share my hearth and home, then upon me/ Descend that doom that I invoke on him. (Sophocles, 248-252). He thus aggravates his future distress by laying the curse so stridently in public, not acknowledging to himself that he himself may be the murderer he is searching for. To any other person, the similarity of the old prediction about his own fate and the way this murderer is supposed to have acted, would have wheel spoke a bell .By now the situation is beyond remedy, of course, because he has unknowingly fulfilled the prophecy, and merely lacks the insight to see it. And at the moment he sees the truth, he blinds himself, quite liter everyy. His uncertain vision lies in the occurrence that on one hand he heeds the voice of the Gods when they tell him about the plague, but not the one when he hears the dire prediction about himself, in his youth. One wonders what would have happened if Oedipus had not run from those he thought to be his parents, thus trying to avoid the prediction, or stayed his hand at murdering someone everyplace a trifling dispute, or not married an older woman. In avoiding the prediction and not salaried heed to it, he made it true, blind self-belief causes his uncertain vision. Shakespeares Othello on the other hand is trusting, straight and impulsive, which causes his pictorial judgment to fail in his personal life. As Bradley puts it in extremely specific terms Othellos mind, for all its poetry, is very simple. He is not observant. His nature tends outward. He is quite free from introspection, and is not given to reflection. feeling excites his imagination, but it confuses and dulls his intellect...... His trust, where he trusts, is absolute. Hesitation is almost impossible to him. He is extremely self-reliant, and decides and acts instantaneously. If stirred to indignation, as in Aleppo once, he answers with one lightning stroke. Love, if he loves, must be to him the heaven where

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Questions - Assignment Example(a) expi2d= , assuming orbiculate nature of the light atom, we use spherical polar coordinates, x=rsincos, y=rsinsin, z=rcos, d=r2sindrdd, where r= 0 to, = 0 to , = 0 to ,6. for harmonic oscillator, zero point dexterity = potential energy, given by V(x)=0.5kf x2. From semblance F=ke and that F=ma, But each mass has extension of = 0.03448m, hence for combination of two masses, perfect extension= 0.03445/2=0.01724m. here the gravitational intensity is assumed to be 10N/Kg. hence V(x)= 0.57250.0003= 0.10875J. Comparing with thermal energy at 298K, i.e 4.1110-21J, the zero point energy is greater showing that the population of particles in the energy level with similar amount of energy as zero point energy is very minimal.8. (a) resume the potential for bond breaking is harmonic, then V(x)= 0.5kfx2 where kf= force constant and x is extension of the bond from sense of balance position. Therefore, 0.5kfx2= Vm(x), thus 0.5kfx2= De1-exp(-ax)2, but De=7.7 010-19J, kf=412N/M, therefore kf= which can be expressed as

Monday, April 22, 2019

Taxation Law and Practice A Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Taxation Law and Practice A - Case Study ExampleThis is in order to avoid double taxation as Joe is put away going to pay income tax on this fall as part of his income. The bonus payment of $5,000 shall non be considered for this particular period. This is because it was paid to Joe on 10 July 2014 .This particular date falls outside of the fiscal year 2013/14 that runs from 1July 2013 to 1 July 2014.In Section 8.1 of the ITAA97, the company is allowed to deduct any amounts from its assessable income if this amount was incurred in the gaining or the production of the assessable income. In this situation, the amount paid to Joe was for his clevernesss as a labourer. This skill enabled the company to conduct its business and hence be able to make income from its activities. It is therefore right to use up that the amount the company paid to Joe should not be taxed and is therefore a deductible from the assessable income of the company.MM have to pay employee super. The Superrannua tion Guarantee (Administration) Act 1992 governs the relationship between employees and their employers. It includes details about the employers indebtedness in the making of the payments. It also states how the calculation of the super guarantee charge is done. Contributions should be paid by the 28th of the month that follows the end of the quarter1. Failure to do this will result in the payment of a superannuation charge by the employers. Joe is qualified to have this payment made for him on his behalf by the company. The requirements ar that the employee should be over 18 years old and they should earn more than $450 before taxation in a calendar month. Super payments are normally calculated and made after every deuce-ace months. The payment of a former employee of backdated payments means that the super payments that had accrued to that employee must also be paid. The employees that are excluded from this arrangement include those who earn less than $ 450 in a month. Employe es who are

Sunday, April 21, 2019

The Hair Emporium Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Hair department store - Coursework ExampleThere are various reporting requirements in franchising as already mentioned above info packaged is both operational and contractual. Through the Franchise Disclosure Documents (FDD) the franchisor is required to disclose or share its annual audited monetary accounting reports with the franchisees (Mann & Roberts, 2007). Consequently, the franchisees can/may request ongoing FDD in accompaniment with audited monetary statements at any time. Further, the franchisor is obliged to provide on-going assistance to the franchisees as stated in the franchise understanding this often occurs via franchise operations and training manuals that are continuously updated. FDDs usually include franchise agreements, and pecuniary statements including the balance sheet, statement of earnings, income statement, cash flow statement and the statement of owners equity. These documents are live as they help the Franchisees to shaft the franchisors his tory of profit adequate to(p) operations (Mann & Roberts, 2007). Further, the FDDs help the franchisees to have intercourse whether the franchisor is financially stable currently for them to increase or decrease their investment in the latter. A list of current franchisees with their current attains is also important as the franchisees or prospective franchisees can use the information to contact others inquiring about their experience with the franchisor (Mann & Roberts, 2007). ... Given this fact, Rolando and Rosa will have to share all its financial and accounting records with its subsequent franchisees to ensure smooth operation of its moving in (Baldwin, et al., 2011). Importance of completing balance sheets and direct statements on a periodic and yearly basis Completing balance sheets and operating statements on monthly and yearly basis by the Hair department store is vital the firm will be able to determine its profitability at any given month franchisor will be able t o know whether through its franchising operations, it has the ability to earn profits or incur loses (Baldwin, et al., 2011). For the firm to be in business it must be able to earn profits. According to these facts, completing balance sheets and operation statements on monthly and annual basis will help the Hair Emporium understand whether it is earning profits or incur loses within the said periods. Secondly, the Hair Emporium will understand its liquidity for instance, the company will know its ability to meet both its short-term and long-term financial obligations. Consequently, completing balance sheets and operating statements on monthly and yearly basis will help the Hair Emporium to know how efficient it is in delivering services. For instance, how productive the firm is utilizing its assets relative to its revenue and its profits (Baldwin, et al., 2011). In the same line of discussion, the Hair Emporium will be able to understand its financial stability the firms overall fin ancial strength will be established through these monthly and yearly checks. The firm will also use the completed monthly and yearly financial statements to estimate its future income and expenses based on

Saturday, April 20, 2019

Learning and Memory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning and Memory - Essay ExampleThus, depending upon the length of the material, I was able to pay reading 1-3 chapters per week requireing that there are other materials in the other subjects to study for.Before move on the next week, I reviewed the weeks material so this can facilitate retention. there are times when I had reviewed the materials only once but frequently, I had reviewed them more than twice because I well-educated in this course that information can be easily recalled if it is rehearsed more often.I consider this clear up as different from other classes, so it required me to study differently. I find this class difficult but, I did not waver. I modified my pattern of studying to include a cursory regimen of reading and mnemonics which is not usual in my other classes. It required me to be more musing and understanding that is to understand the facets of the human psyche.I have learned that long term potentiation is the process by which synchronous firing of neuronsmakes thoseneuronsmore inclined to fire together in the future (Human-computer memory.net). I learned that when we are learning every now and then, the more it will be easier for the brain to function its cognitive processes since the neurons will be more activated thus giving off academic results for students.It is learned that the brain areas of the thalamus and the frontal lobe (Human-memory.net) are responsible for the process of laying down a memory. Once one precious to recall the informationsupposing that it has retained and processed in the long-term memoryfor a test or some homework, the Hippocampus is involved. Although the exact way in which these pieces are identified and recalled later remains generally unknown (Human-memory.net). If the information has been encoded semantically, then it can be consolidated into a long term memory however, if it has

Friday, April 19, 2019

Sales Management - Roll Play Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sales commission - Roll Play - Assignment ExampleDo the customers like your products? Do you have a phase of the golden jewelry? Based on your answers, I feel we can have a precise productive discussion in so far as the golden jewelry products atomic number 18 concerned. atomic number 18 you available on Friday for a brief presentation of about 10 to 15 minutes where I can give more insights into the products we deal with and have an extensive discussion together concerning the product? (The sales person is in the pre-approach stage).Sales person It is my pleasure and once more I come from a Goldenberg investment company and we deal in jewelries made of gold. One of the major characteristics of the products we deal with is that they are received and original.Sales person Wow That is a very good question. The jewelries that we seek to provide for your company are unique and rare in the market. The various jewelries are modeled to suite everyones needs though they are fashionabl e and stretch outs versatility to a greater extent. On the other hand, the jewelries are unisex in the star that either of the gender can use them (Husain, 1).Sales person Thanks once more for the question. When we offer the products to you, we will offer three months sales services to the company through our trade vast marketing system. We will also recommend your company to a number of our know customers and retailers and sales boosting

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Business regulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business regulation - Essay mannikinFor the industry, alcohol beverage uses a wide value of marketing tools where most young people argon greatly exposed in everyday life (Brabbs 2002). Further, these marketing tools entrust in abroad range of marketing practices that range from event sponsoring to TV commercials from advertizement in social media to giving away promotional items across UK. To this effect, the news report will focus on effective alcohol marketing in the UK. The paper will quest to give a detailed analysis of alcohol advertising in the region, advertising and children, codes and practices as well as offer solutions aimed at effective alcohol advertising.The alcohol manufacturing and advertising agencies urge that it is legally possible for the alcoholic products to be advertised since they be legal products. Bans on the advertisings of the alcoholic products are argued to throw off adverse effects to the alcohol market as well as the media. The stakeholders argue that the advertizing on the products is aimed at promoting their sales as well as offering a chance to have new drinkers to the new individual brand product. There is arguably no link between the advert of alcoholic products to the overall levels of consumption of product or any related harm (Edwards 2004). The product advertisement has an objective of increasing its sales, maintaining the competitive advantage and provision of information to the customer on the new additives and improvements of the alcohol products of choice. The advertisements also offer a chance for the drinkers to ascertain the right products and differentiate them from counterfeits (Edwards 2004).Evidently, the intensity of advertisement and promotion of the alcoholic products appears also to provide sanctions as well as the legitimate use of the products that may result in the increased damage on individuals as well as the societies. However, alcoholic advertisements are viewed to be one sided as they avoid any

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Success - experiment ExampleSuccess is a reward that is achieved by those who land lumbering and have a unshakable result. Although there are those who succeed by luck, most people in the world must hard in order to achieve what they want. For example, students work hard to get better grades. Athletes work hard to lucre games. Merchants work hard to succeed in their businesses. Technology firms work hard to keep up with the competitor in the market. Therefore, conquest is the supreme reward for hard work. In life, there is no one who is will to work hard without getting anything out of it. Although the motivation of working hard differs with individuals, success is nonetheless the ultimate gain for working hard.Success is one of the motivators of living. It is what prevents people from losing hope in life. Usually, everyone has the desire of achieving something great at some point in their lives. However, things may not always happen as expected. When one tries to work hard to achieve what he or she considers great, failure stands along the path. People fail quite very much in what they do before succeeding. In the event of failure, the desire to succeed prevents one from giving up. For example, an athletic supporter who loses a game has hopes of winning again at some point in their career. Also, a merchant who makes enormous losses in business does not give up working in the equivalent field. The merchant finds consolation by hoping that they will one day succeed. If there were no success or hope of succeeding, life itself could lose meaning. For instance, there is no one who is willing to do something that they know they will fail forever.Success is happiness. In life, when one achieves personal goals by working hard, there is no suspect that the individual will be happy. Success, a term that is equivalent to the attainment of goals, brings positive moods to individuals. To a student, success is passing exams and getting the best grades. If a stu dent